December 10, 2011
Some Questions Concerning Art and Suffering

Shapiro explores the relationship between art and suffering. He says that the difference between what one’s suffer in the daily lives and the suffering enacted in a Greek tragedy has to do with how that suffering is shaped and ordered. He concludes by saying that he wants the kind of art that admits it is giving a song and dance when it transforms suffering into pleasure, pain into insight, life into clarifying images of life; the kind of art that recognizes there is no good substitute for the precious flesh.

(4622  words)

by Alan ShapiroTikkun.  San Francisco:Jan/Feb 2004.  Vol. 19,  Iss. 1,  p. 28-32 

             In the fall of 1999, my brother was dying of brain cancer, my marriage was falling apart, and I had just moved into the basement apartment of a house whose owner was an eighty-five-year-old woman with Alzheimer’s who every few days would knock on my door and introduce herself. One night in the middle of this outtake from the Book of Job I had a dream in which The Oresteia by Aeschylus, which I was translating at the time, had been adapted for the Jerry Springer Show. What I remember mostly were the characters as they came on stage: Agamemnon first-decked out in armor, spear in hand, horse hair bobbing from his helmet: as he strides to his chair, the caption on the screen reads: “Sacrificed Daughter to Stop Wind!” He’s followed by Cassandra, who staggers out, babbling incoherently. The caption flashes: “Thinks she’s clairvoyant!” Then Oedipus, not Clytemnestra, strides confidently to his seat, so confident in fact that he hasn’t noticed that he’s strayed in off the set of another tragedy while Jerry whispers to the home audience, “Slept with Mother, Murdered Father, Doesn’t realize it yet!”

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December 10, 2011
Singing in Dark Times: A beautiful piece by Erica Funkhouser on the role of poets in response to war

by Erica Funkhouser (Copyright Harvard Review 2005)

In the dark times, will there also be singing?

Yes, there will be singing

About the dark times.

-Bertolt Brecht, “Motto”

Early in 2003, poet and editor Sam Hamill was famously uninvited to the White House. Laura Bush had originally invited Hamill to join her at a February symposium to celebrate “Poetry and the American Voice.” Hamill accepted and then he asked a few friends for poems representing “the conscience of our country.” This was during the weeks leading up to the March invasion of Iraq, when President Bush’s plans to “shock and awe” Baghdad were well publicized: three thousand missiles would strike the city in the first two days of the war, the president promised. Hamill received 11,000 responses to his request for poems. When Laura Bush caught wind of this, she “postponed” the symposium. On February 12, 2003, the day when the original symposium was supposed to have taken place, hundreds of counter-symposia were held across the country. Later that year, Poets Against the War, edited by Hamill, was published with work by 174 poets.

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December 10, 2011
Poet Sam Hamill on meeting Kenneth Rexroth as a young, lost ‘frisco street kid, and on Rexroth’s influence on him, both as a poet and as a man.

by Sam Hamill, originally published in the Chicago Review, Autumn 2006

I write for one and only one purpose, to overcome the invincible ignorance of the traduced heart. […]! wish to speak to and for those who have had enough of the Social lie, the Economics of Mass Murder, the Sexual Hoax, and the Domestication of Conspicuous Consumption.

-Kenneth Rexroth

In 1959, I was hip. On the Road had put me on the road a couple of years earlier, when I was fourteen and caught a freight train bound for who-knows-where. It was leaving Utah, and that was good enough for me. I huddled in an empty cattle car and smoked Lucky Strikes and peeked between the wooden slats as the vast salt desert clanged by. Hours after dark, I got off in Reno, where I scraped most of the skin from one arm and knee and broke my nose by jumping too soon-assover-teakettle into the gravel and railroad ties. A couple of hours later I was in the back seat of a squad car bound for detention, where I sat for several days before being put on a Greyhound bus back to Salt Lake City, to be greeted by irate foster parents. I was cool.

I hot-wired cars, hopped trains, hitchhiked, and visited detention centers or jails in most of the surrounding states over the next year.

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September 26, 2011
"All the time I pray to Buddha
I keep on
killing mosquitoes."

— Kobayashi Issa, translated by Robert Hass (via proustitute)

September 24, 2011
The 32-Year-Old Mystery of Weldon Kees’ “Suicide: Or, On Maybe Meeting the Long-Missing Poet in a bar in Mexico City

Full Text (2182  words)
Copyright World Poetry, Incorporated Jul/Aug 2010

ONE EVENING IN THE SPRING OF 1957, I got into a long drunken discussion with another American in a cantina in Mexico City. I was 21 that year, trying to be a painter on the GI Bill, and I was full of passionate certainties.

The American was about 40, his bony frame made bulkier by a thick wool Oaxaca sweater, his face masked with a heavy beard. I don’t think he ever told me his name.

I do remember some of his talk. He tried to convince me that Willem de Kooning was the greatest living painter; I championed Orozco.

He insisted that jazz had peaked in the New Orleans style, particularly in the work of Jelly Roll Morton; I argued for Charlie Parker. He thought there were great American movies: “Citizen Kane,” “Sunset Boulevard,” Chaplin; I was in the worst phase of my Bergman- Fellini- Kurosawa snobbery.

We drank many bottles of Carta Blanca. We ate several bowls of marinated shrimp. Then, without a word of farewell, he walked out into the Mexican night and I never saw him again.

All these years later, I’m almost certain that the man was Weldon Kees.

Nowadays, Kees is virtually forgotten, but in the late ‘405 and early ‘505, he was one of the most extraordinary talents in the arts of this country.

Born in Beatrice, Neb., he spent seven years on the brutal New York intellectual scene, before moving to the Bay Area in 1950. Here he became an important figure in the pre-Beat era, moving among the poets who clustered around Kenneth Rexroth, the jazz revivalists who followed Turk Murphy, and the !ocal painters (including Hassell Smith, Robert McChesney and Ed Corbett), who were associated with the California School of Fine Arts.

If anything, Weldon Kees had too many talents, and his friends always worried that he was stretching himself too thin.

He was one of the finest young poets of the period. He was a serious filmmaker, producing several short art films and a documentary with anthropologist Gregory Bateson. He was a superb film critic and was friendly with Pauline Kael when she was scuffling around the Bay Area movie scene in the early ’50s).

He was a fine art critic (replacing Clement Greenberg at The Nation for six months in 1949) and an abstract expressionist painter who exhibited with the best of the New York school. He published many fine short stories and at least one - “The Evening of the Fourth of July” - that might be great. He also played piano and wrote music and song lyrics.

With other San Francisco poets and musicians, he took part in several loosely improvised shows, including The Poets Follies of 1955, that presaged the “happenings” of the ‘6os. If he had stayed around into the next decade, when practitioners of all the arts were breaking out of the narrow constrictions of the ‘505, Weldon Kees almost certainly would have emerged as a major American figure.

Instead, on Monday, July 18, 1955, he disappeared.

That afternoon, his car was found abandoned in dense fog on the north approach of the Golden Gate Bridge. There was no note, and there were no witnesses, but the police assumed that Kees was one of two jumpers from the bridge that day. He was never been heard from again.

But … there are those nagging, persistent rumors. The swirl around him to this day among the few who know his name.

When I first read his poetry about six years ago, I asked various literary people in New York about him. Oh yes, Weldon Kees … he’s the guy who’s supposed to be Thomas Pynchon, isn’t he? Or wasn’t he the guy who now calls himself William Wharton, the author of Birdy, who won’t allow himself to be photographed and is also a painter? Just like Kees was? Yeah, that guy … Weldon Kees.

The rumors were intriguing. Who can resist the romantic finality of the farewells of Ambrose Bierce or Hart Crane? What could be more poetic than to vanish into the fog of San Francisco, never to be seen again.

But until I saw a 1947 photograph of Kees in William T. Ross’ 1985 book about the writer’s work, I had forgotten completely about my brief encounter in that Mexican cantina 30 years ago. I looked at the photograph, and began to add years, bulk, a beard to the image.

I was sure the gringo I met held his cigarette the same way. Yes … he was smoking. Alas, without filters in those days. And yes, he had the same furrowed brow, the liquid eyes, the heavy lips.

Almost immediately I dismissed the whole notion. It was ludicrous, the stuff of fiction. A reporter learns to distrust most those stories he wants most to happen. Surely Kees was dead, his body pulled out to the depths of the sea.

And yet, the possibility would not go away. Certainly, Kees had spoken often of suicide; he was said to be working on a book about famous suicides at the time of his disappearance, a project cooked up with the support of his friend James Agee (no such manuscript was found among his papers).

He spoke admiringly of Bierce’s disappearance, and in a film about the Golden Gate he made with photographer William Heick, he used Crane’s “The Bridge” as part of the script. And he apparently had motive enough for a ’50s poet: His separation from his wife in 1954 seemed to gnaw at him, along with some suspicion that he was growing old and his career as a writer hadn’t truly come together.

When he first arrived in the Bay Area, he was exhilarated. He and his wife Ann (they had no children) had been married for 13 years. They found a small apartment at 204 Western Drive in Point Richmond and immediately plunged into the local art scene. In Robert E. Knoll’s excellent book, Weldon Kees and the Midcentury Generation (Nebraska, 1986), we can read a letter to his friend Norris Getty:

“California seems, if not to hold its own, to debase itself less frenetically than the East Coast. At least my central nervous system has responded to it rather nicely. And the jazz, some of the painting, the landscape, the temperature, have it all over the E. seaboard …”

Six months later, he was still happy, and said so in a letter to Conrad Aiken:

“The grim facts must be faced: We like it out here enormously and our all too infrequent throbbing of nostalgia, so far as the East is concerned, relate to folks such as you & Mary & not to the locus or its geist. Never once have I heard myself humming ‘Give My Regards To Broadway/ and it is an unconfined joy not to walk ankle-deep in NY’s minglement of snow, slush, banana skins, burned newspapers and carbon biproducts of the Mssrs. Edison, not to experience that city’s capacity for the type of Angst that has served Delmore Schwarts, et al, so faithfully through the years … not to breathe that substance, half muck and half that delightful vapor that steams forth from carmel candy emporia, that passes for air, not to mention not to mention not to mention …”

But by 1954, something had gone drastically wrong in the marriage. Ann was drinking heavily. She was also working at the Langley Porter Clinic and seemed to be bringing home some of the problems she witnessed in its halls.

They had moved from Point Richmond to 2713 Dana St. in Berkeley in 1952, but the place was very small and Kees did little work there. He later wrote to Aiken about his problems with Ann:

“About eight or nine months ago she got to drinking more than you, me, Malcolm Lowry and Talullah Bankhead put together. I have never known what to do about any of the alcoholics I have known but to let them drink. I occasionally tried to talk to her about it; she was very touchy on the subject, on a couple of occasions said that she would try to cut down on the sauce, but every night it was the same thing …”

On the Fourth of July weekend, 1954, Ann Kees cracked up. She was admitted to the clinic in which she worked, but stayed only three weeks. When she came out, she and Kees agreed to divorce, and he moved out of the Berkeley apartment. He took a new place that fall at 1980 Filbert in San Francisco.

For a year, he worked frantically, had affairs with many women, and began to look doomed. Increasingly, he talked of several options: suicide - and Mexico.

Michael Grieg wrote about the last time he saw Kees, the day before the disappearance:

“We were both going through some sad times. He asked if I’d go to Mexico with him but my problems weren’t that desperate and I didn’t have enough money to make the trip seem appealing. He talked of selling his books, the whole lot of them …”

He also called his mother and, in Ann Kees’ account, “asked her if she minded if he went to Mexico.” Presumably he would need some money (Ann said he only had eight dollars in the bank, but Grieg wrote that the balance was actually $800).

Kees also called Jurgen Ruesch, a Swiss psychiatrist, with whom he had written a book called Nonverbal Communication (an early work of semiotics) and told him that he was going to Mexico. Grieg wrote:

“I had gone to his little apartment in the Marina to drink to his decision to go to Mexico. That seemed a lot more sensible than suicide which he sheepishly admitted trying the week before. ‘I just couldn’t get my feet over the rail.’”

The next day was June 18. Grieg called but got no answers. He tried again the next day. That evening the police called, saying that Kees’ car had been found at the north end of the bridge. With the printer Adrian Wilson (who had printed the last collection of Kees poems earlier that year), Grieg went to the apartment and got in.

“Most of the Jack Daniel’s was left. On his piano were some sheet-music blues. There was a copy of The Devus and Unamuno’s Tragic Sense of Lift near his bed. A note was on the telephone table, the details of (an overseas) job I had told Weldon about. There were a pair of red socks soaking in the bathroom sink. Near the bookcase in the kitchen was a plate with congealed milk …”

Weldon Kees was gone. His wife (who died in Berkeley in 1975) pointed out that “there was no suicide note and there were certain papers missing that a suicide does not take with him.” But she accepted that he had killed himself; he’d talked about it all the years they’d known each other. Rexroth agreed with her and so did many of the people who’d known him in New York.

But if Kees knew the legends of Bierce and Crane, he also was familiar with the mysterious figure of B. Traven. As a movie critic, he certainly knew John Huston’s version of Traven’s “The Treasure of Sierra Madre” (his friend Agee thought it was one of the finest postwar American films).

Mexico in those years was still a place where a man could reach for oblivion and find it, without completely killing the world. Traven was a man who had managed the feat; his true identity wasn’t known until years after his death.

If Kees was genuinely sick of his life, disgusted with the way he had squandered his gifts, if on that day in 1955 he chose not to lift the foot over the rail but to stage a disappearance, then he could have had only one other destination: Mexico.

If that was him that evening long ago, he would now be a very old gringo indeed. But it’s nice to think that some cold and lonesome evening a 73-year-old Weldon Kees might step out of the fog and walk into a North Beach bar and play a little Jelly Roll Morton on the piano.

It would be nice to have him home. It would be even nicer if he pulled a manuscript from the inside of his Oaxaca sweater and turned to someone and asked him to give it a read.

[Author Affiliation]
PETE HAMILL is a novelist, essayist, and journalist whose career has endured for more than forty years. He has been a columnist for the New York Post, the New York Daily News, Newsday, the Village Voice, New York magazine, and Esquire, and has served as editor-in-chief of both the Post and the Daily News. He has published nine novels and two collections of short stories. He teaches in the School of Journalism at NYU. His article on Weldon Kees is reprinted from the San Francisco Examiner, August 9, 1987.

May 5, 2011
Profound and poetic, Meredith Hall’s essay, “The Simplest Questions” narrates the bond she forges while leading a writing program for at-risk young women.

The Simplest Questions

by Meredith Hall

Copyright Kenyon College Summer 2008 (6723 words)

“Meredith,” Aliana says, “you talk about your sons all the time. I think you must be a wonderful mother. I think you should let me come live with you.”

Aliana knows that she has just a few short weeks left at the girls’ emergency shelter before the state has to move her to another bed somewhere else in the system. I have known her for only a month, but I am already feeling some of the same panic and sense of helplessness that she is. I have made the big mistake of becoming attached to this eleven-year-old. I worry about her. I feel outraged at what has happened to her, before and after she was taken from her mother and stepfather three years ago. Her request - her dignified begging-stuns me. But I have just finished raising my children, and everything in me backpedals from the idea of becoming mother to a traumatized and troubled girl.

I smile vaguely, hating my slipperiness, my failure to respond directly to what has to be the hardest thing a girl has ever had to ask. “Oh, Aliana,” I say, “it isn’t as easy as it sounds. It’s very complicated.”

She watches me silently. I can see her instantaneous retreat. “Oh, I know, Meredith,” she says. “I was just joking.”

The Beacon is a shelter in one of Maine’s coastal cities, a place for girls ages eleven to eighteen. I knew when I started a volunteer writing program there that the kids would break my heart. They do. But the girls are so broken by the failures of parenting that I am not tempted to rescue them. Tough, angry, carefully deceitful, remote and entirely self-concerned, they have learned to manage, to get by with as little risk of further harm as possible. The big shabby rooms of the shelter echo their fights, their defiant and casual obscenities, the slammed doors, their raucous or careful laughter. I have met over one hundred girls in the shelter in the year I have done this writing program. I have not considered bringing a single girl home, although I lie awake at night thinking about them, dreading what is coming and not coming to them. Lost forever, they will go on to make babies themselves. Full of dreams of love, of being loved, of rectifying the terrible harm done to them by their mothers and their fathers and their stepfathers and their mothers’ boyfriends, they are doomed. Their babies will be like them in fifteen years. They do break my heart. But I understand clearly the improbability of undoing the effects of the damage done to them, and I recognize my unwillingness to try.

The problem is, Aliana catches my heart. She is a magical girl. Will I take her home, she asks? My youngest son will graduate from high school this year and head to college. I have committed myself to my mothering gratefully and fully, but I am tired. I want to have time to rediscover myself, to re-create my life for the coming decades, a selfish desire. “It is complicated,” I say to this child daring to beg for safety, maybe even love. I turn my back as I get busy stuffing the girls’ poems into my bag. But already, against my will, a thread is weaving us to each other.

Everything is a secret when a child is in state custody. My friend, Lisa, is a teacher at the shelter. Whatever she knows about Aliana from her thick file is confidential. Lisa has known her for two years. In fact, Lisa showed me Aliana’s poems long before I ever met her, from one of the many circuits Aliana has made through the shelter as the state keeps her in a bed somewhere, anywhere. I still have a copy Lisa gave me of “Helplessness,” a poem Aliana wrote when she was ten years old:

My heart is aching and my soul is seeming to fade.

The light is gone and I see only darkness.

My body is lost to wind and rain.

Hope cannot seep into my heavy heart.

I am alone.

Lisa loves Aliana. “She is a wise child, ” she says. “Aliana is an old woman. I don’t know how she learned all that she knows.” When I tell Lisa that Aliana has asked me to take her home, she is excited. “Oh, Meredith! That would be so wonderful for Aliana. She’d finally have a chance.” But a chance for what? Her past is a dark tunnel, a warning to me to stay clear.

The state has one single-minded plan for the children they take into protective custody: return them to their parents. There must be a rationale for this drive to reintegrate broken families, but it is widely seen as a deeply flawed strategy. While the bureaucracy grinds its way over the course of a few years to reunification, absolutely no responsibility is placed on the parents to prove that things have changed, that they have been frightened or threatened into better parenting. They do not show up for family counseling, for parenting classes, for substance abuse treatment, for domestic violence programs. Mothers do not kick out the husband or boyfriend who has harmed the child. Chances are very good that things will not go well after reunification, that the child, beaten or abandoned or raped, will be removed again by a police officer and placed in a bed somewhere in the system, the start of the next cycle. By the time the state finally declares that the children are truly not safe at home, they will bide their time in a long series of foster homes, which themselves are often investigated for abuse or neglect. The state is determined to return Aliana to her mother and stepfather. It may take them a few slow, bungling, relentless years to get to it, but that is their determined strategy. She will be moved from bed to bed to bed while the system makes its way back to the beginning of the story.

The first day I meet Aliana, the sun pours in through the high, dirty transom windows. It is a windy autumn day. I never know who will be here; the girls cycle through in an endless stream. They stay for one night, or a few days, or a few weeks. There are just five girls today. Dreya is confined to her room for stripping in front of her window last night for the men across the street at the Captain’s Bar and Grill. She’s mad. “Fuck you, Shelley!” she screams down the hall at the director. “I can do whatever I fucking want. If I want to stick bananas in my pussy in front of those guys it’s my business. You can’t tell me what to fucking do.” No one listens. Incredibly, she stays in her room. There is an edge here always, a waiting for revolt. The girls’ rage fills the place. But so does their fear. Most of them have been in jail or at the youth detention center. It’s the adults’ best card, the threat to send them back.

Tanya and Brianna shout from the kitchen over Dreya. “Shelley! Shelley! Hey Shelley! Can we have a popsicle? Are there any popsicles left? Shelley?” They are best friends. They met each other yesterday. Brianna is short and thick, with small vacant eyes and a sharp, high voice. Tanya is older, maybe sixteen. She is thin, with yellow skin and hennaed hair. She holds Brianna’s hand as they come back into the dining room.

Katelyn has been here for a month. She is already sitting at the table. She is mentally handicapped, has fetal alcohol syndrome and knows it. She writes painful and tangled poems about wanting to be smart. She dreams of going to college and has asked Lisa to help her fill out the court forms to emancipate herself from her mother.

Aliana drifts into and around this room. Although it is the first time we have met, I know her instantly. She is ethereal, just a suggestion of embodiment, a wisp of intelligence and longing. She is beautiful, a truly beautiful child. African American and Hispanic, she is long-boned and graceful, elegant. She wears a torn blue scarf wound tightly around her head and knotted at the nape of her neck. She slips into a chair next to me at the scarred old table and smiles. She is as radiant and compelling as Lisa says.

I am a middle-aged white woman, a writer, a college teacher. I am full of good intentions. I believe that I have a special empathy for these girls, an innate understanding. I created this volunteer program because I am drawn to them, feel somehow, oddly, to be like them. But the fact is, I am a little afraid of these girls. Not of being hurt by them, but of being dismissed, mocked, brushed aside. Every Thursday morning as I wait for the girls to gather, I worry that this will be the week they simply refuse to attend. Yet week after week, month after month, they have come. Week after week, as we have sat around the big old table, they have written poems and memories and dreams and plays. They have read their words to the rest of us, often apologizing again and again as they read. Often crying. Sometimes ripping up their paper and swearing at someone, unknown, as they run off to their rooms. Sometimes smiling widely with pride, waiting for praise. Their writing is unschooled, naïve, and powerful. Beaten up and forgotten, they are childlike and innocent in their terrible longings. What they write about, always, is love: my mother really loves me, she just can’t handle my father; my mother really loves me, she just uses drugs to feel better; my mother really loves me, and she is going to come back and get me; my grandfather really loves me, he’s very sorry and it will never happen again; my mother’s boyfriend loves me and is very sorry it happened again; my boyfriend will love me always, no matter what; I love my mother and she needs me to take care of her; I love my mother and need to get out of here and find her so I can take care of her; I love my mother and want to be exactly like her.

As Dreya bangs her walls and screams obscenities, I think that today might be the day of dissolution. It’s not. The girls sit down at the table and lift their eyes to me. I introduce myself, saying that I believe we must write and share our stories. My voice is quiet in the big empty room.

We spend the morning writing, reading aloud, writing again. When I ask Aliana to read the poem she has written, she is eager. “A Child,” she says earnestly:

All by myself and independent

Yearning for love somewhere in the world

Wasting away in the dark

With no one to guide me anywhere

Loneliness has become me.

The next week, after the morning session is over, Aliana and I sit outside in the sun on the brick steps as people walk by. We have spent just a few hours together since we met. But she holds my arm against her thick jacket and leans against me. All her clothes come from neighborhood churches. She is free to rummage through the black trash bags that are piled in the hallway near the shelter office. Nothing fits. Everything is cheap and flimsy-pilled polyester sweaters and sweatpants, blue jeans with red zippers down the legs or looping green stitches along the seams or see-through webbing on the hips, jackets like this that are heavy and have no warmth and feel dirty no matter how often they are washed. Shoes broken in by other feet. Aliana has lived in other people’s clothes for as long as she can remember. Today she happily shows me the black lacy blouse she has found in this week’s loot. Her child body is lost in the sagging cloth. I imagine taking her shopping, buying her clothes that fit, that are appropriate for an eleven-year-old, that keep her warm.

I pull a soft, orange Indian scarf out of my pocket. “I thought you might like this, Aliana,” I say. “I’ve had it since I was eighteen. That’s a long time!” I joke. “I want you to have it.”

She grabs it and smiles happily. “Oh, Meredith! Why are you giving this to me?” She is already unwinding the fraying blue scarf on her head. “Hold this!” Her hair is shiny black, very short and curly. She lays the new scarf tight across her forehead and pulls the corners into a tight knot at the back. She looks regal, noble, not part of the dirty hustle of the street. “I’ve never had anything so nice.” She doesn’t thank me. I know that a lot of people have done small, kind things for Aliana. But she is always helpless, under strangers’ control. She can’t afford gratitude.

During the morning writing session the next week, Aliana shares a new poem:

My heart beats strongly though my soul is frail.

My mind is full of curiosity and imaginative stories.

My body is full of agility and reassurance.

But when I put myself together, I have a broken mirror.

She calls to the world hungrily, passionately, knowing a despair she should not know at eleven years old. I have been thinking of Aliana many times a day, a heavy and haunted concern. It is made up mostly of guilt. I am a mother. I want to fix her life. But I also want to move back out of the reach of her words, back before this crushing sense of obligation, of the necessity of doing the right thing.

When the writing session is over, we walk to Olsen Park. Aliana holds my hand and leans into me as we walk under the old, arching trees. Her hands are very fine, her fingers long and expressive. It is a cold, still, gray day. The leaves are in full color, brilliant red and orange and scarlet. I can feel Aliana’s relief to be out, free from the steamy confines and tight rules of the shelter. Time is ticking for her. She knows she will be moved somewhere soon.

“I’m reading a book I found on the shelves,” she says. I know that she likes to read. Still, I am baffled by Aliana’s speech, her quiet and smooth articulation, her startling vocabulary, the range of topics she wants to discuss. Her hunger for information, knowledge. Her testing of ideas. She has been in and out of a dozen schools, and in none since she was taken by the state, having to make do with in-house lessons. She is far behind other children her age. Yet she speaks like a child of privilege. Lisa says, “I’m telling you. She has lived ten lives.” I think she is smart, very, very smart.

“Yeah. It’s called Jane Eyre? She pronounces it Ire.

“Oh, Aliana!” I say. “That was the first real book I ever read. It’s always been really important to me. Are you liking it?”

“It’s really good, Meredith. Jane is an orphan. There’s this really mean aunt who doesn’t love her. But the servant is really nice to her. Her name is Bessie. She reminds me of you. She understands Jane. I think Bessie is there to tell us that Jane is going to escape all her unhappiness. Like a door that she keeps her foot in for Jane so it doesn’t close.”

Aliana is very smart. She is in big trouble, has always been in big trouble. Suddenly, out of thin air, she has sensed a possible lifeline floating past her. She is acute, savvy. Instinctively, she has darted into the current and grabbed the line. Slowly, delicately, she pulls herself to me, pulls me to her. I am scared, overwhelmed. Love is for life. I fight my instinct to reach back, to haul this child close to me and swim with her to shore.

Secrets. Whispers among the staff at the shelter of terrible things that happened to this perfect child. The things that have happened to all these girls, things so bad that finally a reluctant and inept system stepped in and rescued them from further harm, a rescuing that has its own terrible costs.

Aliana tells me certain things. She has a mother, Danielle, whom she loves beyond all reason. Danielle is twenty-six. She is a very big part of the secret. Danielle’s mother, Aliana’s grandmother, is Therese. She is forty. And her mother, Aliana’s great-grandmother, Thelma, is fifty-five, about my age. Four generations of women under fifty-five. Aliana has two younger brothers she loves fiercely, protectively, who are floating separately somewhere in the state system, with no one trying to hold them together or in touch with each other: Anthony, whose father was white, leaving him to fend against Danielle’s angry prejudice; and Diondre, whose father is in jail somewhere for armed robbery. And Aliana has a stepfather, Dyce. He seems to be the biggest secret, a secret Aliana circles, questions, recalls, doubts.

Aliana tells me cheerfully about playing with her mother’s breast tassels while Danielle slept after work. “She’s fat now, but she still dances. I don’t know why a man would want to watch my mother strip. Yeah, I loved to prance around in my mother’s high heels and swing her tassels. The boys would do it, too. But whoa, if my mother woke up, you knew you were in trouble.” She is shocked that I have never hit or spanked my children. “How can you discipline them if you don’t smack them?” she asks incredulously. “I’ve never heard of anyone not smacking their kids.” She shows me scars on her face and arms and legs. She nonchalantly takes off her new scarf and tells me to find the scars she knows are in her hair, each with its own story.

“I can take care of my brothers,” she tells me defiantly. “My mother left us once for two weeks when I was six. That was pretty scary. She had just met Dyce at the club and they took off. We didn’t have no food or nothin’. I did good, Meredith. I did really good. Me and my brothers watched TV, and I took them to the park. Yeah, I can take care of my brothers.” I am learning that Aliana has two languages: the language of her facts, and the language of her longings. She slips between them fluidly, a bilingual girl: Here is my past, she says in her street dialect. Here is what I believe I am, she says in her beautiful language that comes from some mysterious and unknowable place. In the voice of her past, she is tough, resistant, and separate. In the voice of her present, she is hungry, vital, and vulnerable. There is no future, no language she has ever heard that can speak the fear that her past will be her only story.

When she talks of Dyce, she is quieter, as if she is listening to someone talking to her from inside. “Dyce is the only one who will hold my mother off from me,” she says. But the sentence doesn’t feel finished. “He’s a really big guy, you know,” she tells me quietly.

She sits with her knees pressed against mine, playing with the skin on the backs of my hands. “I was never a little girl,” she says. “I’ve been a woman since I was six.” She listens to the past. Then, “You poor white women! You have the ugliest skin! It’s like chicken skin!” She is eleven, a child, a girl child with a map inside that she rustles open and folds up fast, rustles open and lays aside. We do not know each other. She sits with this stranger and tries to stay only in this moment. But her stories seep out, secrets, memories like water pooling slowly into the lake she will become.

I recognize Aliana, and do not yet understand why. I was not a beaten child, was not left alone for two weeks, do not carry dark secrets like hers. But I am shocked to realize that I identify powerfully with this girl. I know her fear, her isolation, her fierce and helpless struggle to maintain control of what is coming. I know loss. I know her proud and desperate hunger to be loved.

Like Aliana, I was a good girl, a girl wanting to be loved, a sensitive and smart girl. But everything else is different. Mine is a simpler narrative: I was not poor. I had a mother who loved me, who took good care of me, who brushed my hair and taught me to sew, who planted hollyhock seeds with me under the kitchen window. And, although my parents were divorced, my father loved me. I trusted each of them, my good mother and father. These things are different-critical differences in our stories.

But then the shadowy narrative: when I was sixteen, I got pregnant. I was frightened into absolute silence. After five months, when she discovered this terrible shame, my mother kicked me out. I was expelled from school. My little town shunned me. I learned about abandonment of a child by a mother. I stayed at my father’s house, hidden out of sight. I gave my child into a secret adoption, walking away from him on the third floor of the hospital when he was just days old. I learned about abandoning a child. Two years later, my step-mother exiled me from my father’s life. Although my sister and brother and their families belong together in a family with my father, I have seen him only a few times in these thirty-five years.

I meet Aliana and come face to face with me. I know something about grief, and self-protection. I know about isolation and fear. I know about living beyond the past, out of its reach. I know about silenced shames. I know about the longings of a child to be loved, to be held, safe, in the dangerous world. Loneliness has become me, Aliana says.

This is a tumultuous meeting, the middle-aged woman turning back to a history I have denied, and discovering in Aliana shadows of the girl I was. I don’t want to have to face the sorrows of my own past. I don’t want to love Aliana. Yet here I am, feeling powerfully protective of her, offering tenderness and emotional shelter to her and, in doing that, to myself, that girl who was so alone so long ago. The ragged edges of our stories are weaving themselves together, thread over thread, as if an invisible hand is binding us to each other. I resist.

I lie awake night after night, justifying to myself why I cannot let an eleven-year-old child with no home move into one of the two empty bedrooms in my house, why I cannot be a mother for a few more years, why I cannot put aside my dreams of writing and traveling for a while, why I cannot afford to love this girl. She understands that I am dodging, and that the dodge means no.

The state finally finds a bed for her. A good girl, a pleaser, a child who follows rules and wants to be loved, she will be moved to Fresh Start, a therapeutic program for violent and high-risk kids. Instead of bringing her home with me to live, when I hear of the state’s plans, I go into action as an advocate. This feels purposeful and necessary; I tell myself that I am taking care, in my way, of this child who has asked me for a lot more than this. I make two dozen frantic and passionate phone calls, protesting the choice for her next placement, arguing that she is brilliant and good and earnest. I tell anyone who picks up the phone that the system is failing this child, that I don’t care about budgets and policies and psychological evaluations by men who have never even met with Aliana. I talk with many people, mostly over-worked and under-educated, some caring and many not. I finally gain access to her case worker at the Department of Human Services. Brian likes Aliana. He agrees that this is a terrible placement, but it is the best he can do. He is Aliana’s fifth case worker in three years. He sounds very tired. The best I can get from him is a promise that she is at the top of his list to be moved fast to a more appropriate bed. And, after long arguments, an agreement that I may visit her every Saturday morning wherever she ends up.

“I will come to see you next weekend,” I tell her at our last writing-morning meeting. I know that she hoped she would be in my car today traveling home. She nods disinterestedly. “I promise,” I hear myself say. I am filled with dread, regretting instantly this clear commitment. I could have said good-bye, carrying guilt for a while and then forgetting this child. Lots and lots of good people have said good-bye to Aliana and managed their guilt.

On the afternoon she is being moved, I drive to the shelter and find her in her room, sitting on the bed, picking at her fingernails. The room is absolutely bare.

“Hi, Aliana. How are you doing?”

“Oh, I’m fine, Meredith.”

“Need any help packing?”

She snorts. “Not a lot to pack. If you mean, did I put the clothes they gave me into the garbage bag they gave me, yes, I did. I’m all done packing.”

“That’s all there is?”

“That’s all there ever is. That’s it.”

“You doing OK?”

“I always do OK,” she says flatly.

“Brian says this is only going to be for three weeks at the most. You can do this for three weeks.”

“Meredith, you are so naïve.”

She’s right. I’m another busy do-gooder in Aliana’s life, letting her slip on down the line.

“Maybe. But the girls at this place are the toughest in the system, Aliana. It’s going to take a lot of grit to stay clear of trouble.”

“Don’t you worry your little white head off, Meredith. You don’t know me. If you really knew me, you wouldn’t even talk to me. I can take care of myself.”

When Brian comes, Aliana picks up her garbage bag and follows him down the stairs silently. He looks embarrassed, apologetic, as if he knows that what he is doing is very, very wrong. I wave to Aliana as they drive out. I know I must have the same look of embarrassment, of knowing that I am complicit, a coward. “I’ll come see you on Saturday! We’ll go do something fun!” I call after her. Her orange scarf is the last thing I see as they drive up Middle Street to her next bed.

I do not want to love Aliana, with all the complications of any love, and all the complications of this girl’s life, and all the complications of the life of the girl I once was finding form in the woman I am now. I know this abandoned girl. I know this good girl who has a few more chances and that’s it. I know my lost child, who is becoming this lost child. This is an intersection of lives, a reckoning I struggle against. Aliana has appeared like a mirror, asking me what I have learned about love, about the protection adults must provide, about what might have been in my own young life if a kind woman had appeared and held the ground steady.

The next Saturday, and the next, and the next, I drive two hours north to spend the morning with Aliana at Fresh Start. Fresh Start is in the potato farming and lumbering center of northern Maine, downwind of a paper mill. It is a program for girls who have done very bad things, who cannot be placed in the elusive foster home system. They have set houses on fire. Assaulted other girls on the streets. Run away from every building the state has housed them in. Tried to kill themselves. They need to be straightened out, brought into line, conditioned to behave themselves. Whatever brought them to such anger cannot be fixed. But the theory here is that a minimally educated and unenlightened staff of young, poorly trained local girls can, with a complex system of coercion and punishment, bully these girls into socially acceptable behavior.

Six girls live with four staff members in this single story, pre-fab house. The windows and doors are kept locked, and everyone, staff and residents, must stay together in the main room within sight at all times. There is a large blackboard on the wall blocked off into columns. The staff erases and marks, erases and marks all day, creating a visual painting of the moment-to-moment behaviors of the girls. Some measures are pretty clear: swearing, hitting, throwing things, saying no, stealing from the other girls all merit bad marks. But others are less obvious: crying, being withdrawn, uninvolved, ill-humored, quiet, all earn checks in the bad columns. Desiring solitude is frowned upon and is Aliana’s trouble spot. These girls are tough, angry, disconnected, aggressive, and here against their will. Sitting with them for entire days and evenings, playing board games, doing workbook school exercises-every girl’s the same-watching hours of television and stringing bead necklaces wears Aliana down. If she asks to be allowed to go to her room to read or write, she receives a “bad” check.

The girls have to earn their way back into the good columns. They learn to smile mechanically, say yes please, and sit docilely. But they can’t sustain this façade, and they erupt, expressing the grief and rage they feel from their short lives of despair. If they are very adept, they fake it enough to be released. The program is considered a model in behavior modification. For Aliana, it is a bed in a nightmare.

When I arrive, the girls turn to me at the door and stare jealously. Aliana jumps up to hug me, but Bethany says, “Aliana, did you ask to get out of your chair?” Bethany graduated from the community college last year. She grew up in town and has secured a great job at Fresh Start.

Aliana slips back into her chair and asks flatly for permission.

“Aliana,” Bethany says sternly, “eye contact. Aliana! Eye contact! Eye contact, Aliana!”

Aliana turns her face dully to Bethany and stares at her.

“Now what did you want to ask me?” Bethany says.

Aliana keeps her eyes on Bethany, eyes that have become masked and hard. “May I get out of my chair to say hello to Meredith?”

“First, little miss black beauty, I need an apology from you.”

Aliana stiffens. “I’m sorry I did not make eye contact, Bethany,” she says mechanically.

“Did you put your attainment worksheet back in the folder?”

“Yes, Bethany.”

“OK, you may get up.”

Aliana comes to me and I hug her as Bethany places a check under Aliana’s name in the bad “impulsive” column and another in the “defiant” column and another in the “no eye contact” column.

“Will you get me out of this crazy place, Meredith?” Aliana whispers as she grabs my hand. “They’re going to make me go nuts here.”

It is a sunny, cold November day. We are headed to the dairy barns up the road to visit the cows. Jen catches me at the door and reminds me to sign out on Aliana’s medications. We must carry with us her asthma inhaler, and Welbutrin and Neurontin, psychotropic drugs all the girls are put on. Everything has been packed in a Ziploc bag with Aliana’s social security number written on it in round, girlish letters. I stuff the bag in my pocket, agree to return in four hours, and we step out the door into the fresh air. Aliana pulls at me to get going.

“I’m not taking any more pills,” she says the second we get outside. “Meredith, they’re trying to turn me into a robot here! I spit them out every time. I’m not taking them!” I am relieved, and silently full of admiration. I have been arguing with Fresh Start since Aliana got here to remove her from the medications. They make her groggy and listless and very depressed. But the drugs are a matter of course in the program. The psychiatrist prescribed them for Aliana without meeting her. He has not done a follow-up in the six weeks she has been here.

“What about being moved? Any news?”

“Brian won’t answer my calls, Meredith. He promised me he’d get me out of this hell hole three weeks ago. He doesn’t want to talk to me.” Her voice rises in a desperate wail. “You need to make him, Meredith. Anywhere is better than this.”

She is right. She cries every time I visit. She receives more and more “bad” checks for her silence and withdrawal. My letters and phone calls to Brian have no effect at all.

Aliana somehow manages to stay sane at Fresh Start for eight months. Finally, Brian finds a new bed, seven and a half months after he promised he would get her out of Fresh Start: she is headed back to the emergency shelter for another round while he searches for a better placement.

I know that Aliana will not ask me again if she may come to live with me. But when she tells me this news, we are both done. I pull her to me and say, “OK, my loved girl. OK. I’ll see what I can do. You can come live with me. OK. Enough. Enough, my girl.” We love each other. I know that. Inside her life, such a mystery of harm and pain, I know this girl. I hold her, and am swept by an ancient and undeniable longing to be held by my own mother.

When I attend my first foster-care class, we are told all the reasons why this may well not work: damaged kids, caught too late-depression, violence, drug and alcohol problems, truancy, disappearance, jail, suicide. When Aliana comes to my house for her first weekend visit, she is tougher, sadder, and darker. I fight with the state, arguing that Aliana be allowed to come live with me. But they want to stick to the plan they have followed for more than three years: return Aliana to her mother and Dyce. She is moved from the shelter to a group home and then to another group home. I work to convince them I am a better plan. She spends more and more weekends with me.

Six months later the state suddenly and inexplicably relinquishes custody and Aliana is returned to her mother and Dyce. She calls me crying every night. When her mother beats her bloody and the courts give me legal guardianship, Aliana finds the courage to be the child of a middle-class white woman, a chameleon act that comes at a cost I cannot guess.

Aliana has a room of her own now. She tends to her small things with tenderness, artifacts of a new history she is building day by day: A red dragon bought on her first trip to Boston. A large basket holding her journals and poems and stories. An origami flying crane from a girl she liked at Fresh Start. My mother’s silver bracelet. New clothes that fit. Books on the shelves in the corner. A mirror she stands in front of, the same mirror I stared back from when I was a girl. “You do not know me, Meredith,” Aliana says. She is wrong.

She is thirteen now. She writes a poem called “Glamour”:

Glamour is like a tangle of lace

la ironia del mundo, bella.

A vision of light filters past torn curtains,

over the wooden bookshelves covered with the grit of cheap paint.

The crickets sing as the rain falls, celebrating their own

short time, before the mirror breaks

and they are swept away by the silent floods.

I can feel the warmth of the water enfolding me,

seeping through my skin.

I wonder if my little black book is safe beneath my pillow.

“Mamita,” I cry, “forgive me.”

Glamour is a broken law, sanctified as it is unjust.

Where have you been?

A city of lights, smoldering beyond the sight

of ancient pedestals; a seeming place to bleed innocence.

Aliana and I together, girl and woman, are writing a new language that encompasses pain and hope, fear and great hunger, loss and shelter, grief and love, substitution and accommodation. There may be more terrible sadness coming to this child. I am very afraid there is. She will at least have a witness to her arduous and brave and tenuous voyage.

MEREDITH HALL is the 2005 recipient of the Gift of Freedom Award, a two-year writing grant from A Room of Her Own foundation. She won the 2005 Pushcart Prize, and was named in “Notable Essays” in The Best American Essays 2005. Her work has appeared in the New York Times, Southern Review, Creative Nonfiction, Five Points, and many other journals and anthologies. Her memoir, Without a Map, was published by Beacon Press in 2007. The Kenyon Review. Gambier: Summer 2008. Vol. 30, Iss. 3;  pg. 116, 17 pgs

December 3, 2010
Los Angeles After the Rain


http://www.flickr.com/photos/skellum/

Los Angeles After the Rain

by Dana Gioia
Back home again on one of those bright mornings
when the city wakes to find itself reborn.
The smog gone, the thundering storm
blown out to sea, birds
frantic in their joyous cacophony, and the mountains,
so long invisible in haze,
newly risen with the sun.

It is morning snatched from Paradise,
a vision of the desert brought to flower -
of Eve standing in her nakedness,
immortal Adam drunk with all
the gaudy colors of the world,
and each taste and touch, each
astounding pleasure still waiting to be named.

The city stirs and stretches
like a young man waking after love.
Sunlight stroking the skin and the
promiscuous wind whispering
“Seize the moment. Surrender to the air”s
irrefutable embrace. Trust me that today
even seduction leads to love.”

Too many voices overhead. Too many scents
commingle in the stark perfume
of green winter freshened by the rain.
This is not morning for decisions.
A day to ditch responsibility, look up
old friends, and dream
of quiet love, impossible resolutions.

 From his book The Gods of Winter, published by Graywolf Press in 1991.


Gioia was born in Los angeles in 1950. He received his B.A. and M.B.A. degrees from Stanford University. He also has an M.A. Comparative Literature from Harvard University. At the time he published this book, he was a business executive in New York. He has since set aside his business career, devoting his full time to writing and the arts, and just this past year, completed a full, and successful, term as Chairman of the National Endowment for the Arts.